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Periampullary carcinoma includes carcinoma of head of pancreas, carcinoma of lower common bile duct, ampullary carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of duodenum. Most of the periampullary cancers shows the same clinical symptoms their imaging manifestations are overlapping or non-specific. Accurate qualitative positioning and staging of periampullary cancers are of great value in guiding of treatment plan and evaluate postoperative outcomes. CT and MRI examination have made progress in the diagnosis of periampullary carcinoma. CT scan has a good spatial and temporal resolution, while MRI has a good tissue resolution. CT and MRI examination can be used for preoperative assessment of tumor resectability and invasion range, which is of certain value.
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Periampullary carcinoma includes carcinoma of head of pancreas, carcinoma of lower common bile duct, ampullary carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of duodenum. Most of the periampullary cancers shows the same clinical symptoms their imaging manifestations are overlapping or non-specific . Accurate qualitative positioning and staging of periampullary cancers are of great value in guiding of treatment plan and evaluate postoperative outcomes. CT and MRI examination have made progress in the diagnosis of periampullary carcinoma. CT scan has a good spatial and temporal resolution, while MRI has a good tissue resolution. CT and MRI examination can be used for preoperative assessment of tumor resectability and invasion range, which is of certain value.
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Objective To compare the myocardial protective effects of post-treatment with sevoflurane and isoflurane on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI) in adult rats.Methods Twenty-four adult male SD rats were divided into four groups (n =6) by using the random number table,control group (C),isehemia-reperfusion group (R),sevoflurane post-treatment (S) and isoflurane post-treatment group(I).The Langendorff isolated heart perfusion model was established.The heart rate(HR),left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LLVEDP),left ventricular developed pressure(LVDP),maximum rate of rise of left ventricular pressure(LV+-dp/dtmax),and maximum rate of decrease of left ventricular pressure(LV-dp/dtmax) were recorded at the end of equilibrium perfusion,and at 30,90 min of reperfusion,respectively.At the end of infusion,1 mm3.of apical myocardial tissue was removed for observing mitochondrial structure under electron microscopy and scoring.The myocardial infarct size(MIS) in the remaining heart tissue was measured by TTC staining.Results Compared with the R group,the S and I groups showed improved cardiac function indicators,decreased MIS,and reduced mitochondrial damage after reperfusion(P＜0.05).Compared with the S group,the I group showed worse heart function,increased MIS,and more severe mitochondrial damage after reperfusion(P＜0.05).Conclusion Post-treatment with sevoflurane and isoflurane has a protective effect on MIRI in adult rats.Post-treatment with sevoflurane has a better cardioprotective effect than that with isoflurane.
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Hypoxia exists in a wide range of advanced solid tumors and is often associated with poor prognosis.Hypoxia can enhance tumor invasion, promote tumor angiogenesis, impact genomic stability and change the tumor microenvironment by activating expression of relevant genes through hypoxia-induced factors (HIFs).Hypoxia provides favorable conditions for tumor metastasis and relapse, and it is involved in all aspects of tumor development.The study of hypoxia in tumors may provide useful information for pre-clinical evaluation, individualized treatment and clinical prognosis.Positron emission tomography (PET) is a non-invasive imaging method, which can be used for assessing and quantifying tumor hypoxic microenvironment.This article reviews the mechanisms of hypoxia-induced tumor biological behavior changes and the research progress of the application of radiotracers for PET imaging of tumor hypoxia.
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BACKGROUND:How to control the orderly formation of colage in skin repair and scarring process is worthy of attention. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) combined with insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) on the proliferation and colagen synthesis of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem celsin vitro. METHODS:Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were isolated and cultured to induce adipogenic differentiation assessed by oil red O staining and osteogenic differentiation identified by alizarin red stainingin vitro. Passage 3 cels were cultured in the medium containing bFGF, IGF-1, combination of them or the control fluid, respectively. MTT assay was used to detect cel proliferation at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours of culture. The expression of type I colagen and type III colagen were detected by RT-PCR and western blot after 10 days of incubation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, bFGF or IGF-1 alone significantly promoted the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels, and inhibited the expression of type I colagen and type III colagen. After combined use of bFGF and IGF-1, the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels was improved more significantly, and the expression of type I colagen and type III colagen returned to normal levels. These findings indicate that the combination of IGF-1 and bFGF can promote proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels and restrain the expression of type I colagen and type III colagen, which may be helpful for control and repair of scar formation during wound healing.
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BACKGROUND:Platelet-derived growth factor has the ability of wound repair, and relevant studies mainly focus on bone tissue repair. However, there are less studies about the effect of platelet-derived growth factors in skin wound healing. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the role of platelet-derived growth factor to promote wound healing by the regulation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels to the wound. METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels from rats were cultured. Immunofluorescence method was conducted to detect cel surface markers of CD34 and CD44 in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels. Thirty healthy male SD rats were divided into five groups at random. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels labeled with PKH-26 were injected into the rat caudal vein in each group. The rats were anesthetized 1 week after injection. On the center of rat back, a 3-cm incision was made to establish a wound healing model. Different concentrations of platelet-derived growth factor were injectedvia multi-points on the skin wound after modeling, and the control group was treated with the same volume of normal saline. Skin wound tissues were taken for relevant parameter measurement at 14 days after injection. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Under the fluorescence microscope, platelet-derived growth factor could induce the migration and accumulation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels to the trauma in a dose-dependent manner and promote the wound healing. Masson staining showed that, with the concentration increase, platelet-derived growth factors could reduce inflammatory cel infiltration and increase the number of colagen fibers. Results from western blot assay showed that platelet-derived growth factor could inhibit the expression of matrix metaloproteinase-1, promote the expression of tissue inhibitor of matrix metaloproteinase 1 in the wound, and inhibit the colagen degradation, thereby promoting skin wound healing indirectly.
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BACKGROUND:Stromal cel-derived factor-1 has a strong chemotaxis to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels, and both of them can promote wound healing. However, there are less studies on their correlation with skin wound healing. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of stromal cel-derived factor-1 on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels migration and skin wound repair. METHODS: Thirty SD rats were divided into five groups at random. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels labeled with PKH-26 were injected into the rat caudal vein. After 1 week, skin wound models were established. Then, different concentrations (1, 2, 10, 50 μg/L) of stromal cel-derived factor-1 were injected via multi-points on the skin wound. The skin wound healing was observed and recorded at 14 days after injection. The number and distribution of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were observed by the fluorescent staining at different time points. The pathological changes of wound tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The expression of colagen I and colagen III were detected by western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Stromal cel-derived factor-1 at 10 μg/L could induce the largest number of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels to the skin wound and achieve the best repair results. Stromal cel-derived factor-1 could also regulate the expression of colagen I and colagen III in the wound, and when the concentration of stromal cel-derived factor-1 was 10 μg/L, the expressions of colagen I and colagen II reached the peak. These findings indicate that the appropriate concentration of stromal cel-derived factor-1 is better to promote the migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels, thereby contributing to skin wound repair.
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Objective To study the clinical values of polyvinyl alcohol chemoembolization and bronchial arterial infusion(BAI) in interventional therapy of central bronchogenic carcinoma.Methods 45 pathologically proved cases of central bronchogenic carcinoma in mid or late period were randomly divided into two groups(control group in 24 cases and experimental group in 21 cases).After detecting the nourishing arteries of bronchogenic carcinoma with angiography,the treating processes were performed.Control group : anticancer drugs were poured into bronchial artery.Experimental group : the feeding arteries of tumors were co-axially superselective catheterized with microcatheters,the anti-neoplasm agents were poured into everyone of feeding arteries according to the blood supply,then the feeding arteries were embolized by polyvinyl alcohol.Results Control group : the obvious effective rate(CR+PR) was 50%.Experimental group:the obvious effective rate was 90.4%.Two cases in control group obtained the chances of radical operation and chemotherapy were performed after operation,the other 22 cases were undergone synthetic treatment.Seven cases in experimental group obtained the chances of radical operation and chemotherapy were performed after operation,14 cases were undergone synthetic treatment.Three cases in control group died and none of in experimental group died in the follow-up of 2~24 months.Conclusion The short-term effect of polyvinyl alcohol embolization is better than those of BAI for interventional therapy of central bronchogenic cancer,but the long-term effect needs a large number of cases to access the real clinical value.